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Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems

Complex systems are characterized by their emergent behavior as a non-trivial result of the evolution of a considerable number of microscopic units that interact with each other. Expressed in other words: the study of complex systems seeks to understand the behavior and properties of the whole system that can not be derived directly from the study of the properties of its parts in isolation.

This is the essence of the research of complex systems, where the nature of the units is irrelevant. Associated strategies to address the study of a specific phenomenon, then, may be widely shared by a large number of phenomena characteristic of various disciplines. Even we can say that the complexity of the science itself is the result of the fusion of different disciplines and approaches on the same challenge. Therefore, the study of complex systems integrates problems and merges methodologies that can have very different origins.

 

The creation of the UBICS will join efforts of several groups of related research that will:

  • Access to funding sources not accessible to the research groups separately
  • A greater capacity for dialogue between disciplines
  • Promoting synergies between researchers from different fields
  • Improve the quality of research Increasing scientific production in the border areas of research areas that make up the UBICS 
  • Substantially increase the innovative capacity and transfer knowledge to society
  • Consolidate and promote joint activities already developed new Increasing the visibility of social research on complex systems

recent news

Webinar by Lucas Lacasa

UBICS people 11/01/2021

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Date: 14 January, 2021,  15:30h (CET, GMT+1, Barcelona/Madrid/Paris/Berlin) Speaker: Lucas Lacasa, Reader in Applied Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London Title:  "Reducing the stress on intensive care by optimally load balancing patients in the era of COVID-19" Link to the webinar: https://eu.bbcollab.com/guest/82956f71dd804255b7a3fe1cac2d957e Abstract:  As the number of cases of COVID-19 continues to grow, local health services across different countries are at risk of being overwhelmed with patients requiring intensive care. At the same time, surges and demand are not homogeneous across a country, as different regions see incidence grow or decline in an asynchronous way. This enables the possibility of balancing demand by sharing patients. In this talk I will describe a proposal that we put forward in late March 2020 during the first wave of COVID-19, which computes quasi-optimal re-routing strategies to either transfer patients requiring Intensive Care Units (ICU) or ventilators, constrained by feasibility of transfer. The method is general and applicable regionally or at a national level. I will give the details of the method and showcase it with realistic data from the United Kingdom and Spain. Depending on different ICU demand profiles, up to 1000 patients (per algorithm step) which would otherwise not receive care could be re-allocated without the needs of increasing capacity of the hospitals. I will also briefly discuss our experience in going from the scientific idea to the operationalised platform.

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Postdoctoral position announcement

UBICS projects 23/12/2020

news picture no: 79

Announcement of a postdoctoral position (1+1 years) in Barcelona.  The goal is to investigate problems with multiple scales in flows in permeable media, both experimentally (at UB, with Jordi Ortín, UBICS member) and numerically (at IDAEA/CSIC., with Víctor Vilarrasa). The application deadline is February 14, 2021. More info here Anuncio de un contrato postdoctoral (1+1 años) en Barcelona.  El objetivo es estudiar problemas con múltiples escalas en flujos en medios permeables, con una vertiente experimental (en la UB, con Jordi Ortín, miembro del UBICS) y otra numérica (en el IDAEA/CSIC, con Víctor Vilarrasa). La fecha límite de presentación de solicitudes es el 14 de Febrero próximo. Puedes encontrar más información aquí. 

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Moltes felicitats Dr. Joan Guardia i Dr. Albert Diaz Guilera

UB people 18/12/2020

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Desde el UBICS volem felicitar al nou Rector de la UB i membre del UBICS, en Dr.Joan Guàrdia i al seu equip, igual que al nostre director, el Dr. Albert Diaz Guilera pel gran esforç i participació durant la campanya electoral i pel seu nou càrrec com a Comissionat per la coordinació dels Instituts de Recerca Propis. Joan Guardia després d’haver obtingut el 54,28 % del vot ponderat en la segona volta de les eleccions al Rectorat que ha tingut lloc els dies 17 i 18 de desembre. L’altre candidat, Joan Elias, ha obtingut el 45,72 % del vot ponderat. Joan Guàrdia estarà al capdavant del govern de la Universitat durant un mandat de quatre anys. En la primera volta, els dos candidats havien obtingut un 49,65 % del vot ponderat en el cas de Joan Guàrdia, i un 32,56 %, en el cas de Joan Elias. Joan Guàrdia, en la seva primera intervenció com a rector electe, ha assegurat que compta amb tota la comunitat universitària en la tasca que ha de fer d’ara endavant: «Demà comencem la feina i compto amb tothom». Ha esmentat tots els col·lectius universitaris: el PAS, els estudiants —als quals escoltarà «seriosament»—, i el PDI, sobre el qual ha manifestat la voluntat d’acabar amb la precarietat del professorat. «Hem de tenir una UB oberta al món», ha destacat el rector electe, i així mateix ha recordat la necessitat de continuar treballant per l’excel·lència. Les eleccions, que per primera vegada s’han fet mitjançant votació electrònica, a causa de la COVID-19, s’han desenvolupat sense cap incident remarcable. Estaven convocades a votar més de 54.000 persones dels diferents col·lectius universitaris. Han votat 13.668 electors, que corresponen al 25,13 % del total del cens, una participació superior a la de la primera volta, que va ser del 21,56 %, i que representa un augment d’11,37 punts percentuals respecte a la segona volta de les eleccions del 2016, en què va votar un 13,76 % del cens. Dels vots emesos aquests dos dies de votació electrònica, 13.127 han estat per als candidats i 541 han estat en blanc. Joan Guàrdia Olmos és catedràtic de Metodologia de les Ciències del Comportament a la Facultat de Psicologia. Va arribar a la Universitat de Barcelona com a estudiant de la Facultat de Ciències Econòmiques i va compaginar aquests estudis amb els de Psicologia. Expert en estadística i en l’estudi sistemàtic de la conducta humana, ha fet docència a la Facultat de Psicologia, però també a Farmàcia, Economia i Empresa, Geografia i Història, Infermeria, Educació i Biologia. Ha impartit seminaris i cursos i ha dirigit tesis doctorals a diverses universitats nacionals i internacionals. Ha publicat més de 30 llibres i més de 260 articles científics, a més de ser l’investigador principal de multitud de projectes de recerca. També ha ocupat diferents càrrecs de gestió acadèmica i, actualment, és membre de l’Institut de Neurociències de la UB i de l’Institut de Sistemes Complexos (UBICS), on fa recerca sobre neurociència quantitativa i computacional. Moltes felicitats!! Per a més informació, consulteu el web de les Eleccions al Rectorat 2020.

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latest publications

Evaluating the effect of gamification on the deployment of digital cultural probes for children

Rodriguez, I ; Puig, A ; Tellols, D; Samso, K
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES 137 UNSP 102395 (2020)
abstract

This research proposes a digital Cultural Probe (CP) for children in the context of energy use and awareness. A CP is a user research method that allows participants to self-report by means of tools, artefacts, and tasks that they complete at their own pace. Our CP aims to gather data about the energy related habits and knowledge of the children and their families and also aims to provoke reflection and raise their awareness of energy and environmental issues. It is well known that the main drawback of CPs is their low completion rate and the consequent lack of gathered data. Based on the impact of gamification on users' motivation and engagement, we aim to test the hypothesis that "Gamification may encourage an active and fruitful participation of children in Cultural Probes". CP consists of four tasks designed to gather information about the children and their families' electric consumption and saving habits. We developed the CP as an Android app which was evaluated with children from two primary schools in Barcelona, who interacted with two different app versions (gamified and non-gamified). We designed a comparative experiment that gathered data on CP completion rate, CP task completion rate, and the time required to complete the CP. To our surprise, we found a slight difference in favour of the non-gamified app in all of these measures, though this difference was not statistically significant. However, the difference in the children's awareness of and attitude to energy consumption before and after the realisation of the CP was significant as measured by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. This was not the case for the effect on energy awareness of the children's relatives. The lessons we learned, which may also prove to be useful for researchers that aim to design cultural probes, are that user research methods for children can be effective enough when designed to be interactive and dynamic (i.e. digital CPs) and that the number of CP tasks may also be a factor to take into account. When the number of tasks is low, the CP is likely to achieve a high completion rate and the additional effort of gamifying the application may be not worthwhile. Then, gamification may support a CP with a large number of tedious tasks. When designers want children to reflect on key issues, the CP should be thoughtfully designed because it is not easy to foster children's reflection and reasoning.

doi

Emergent collective colloidal currents generated via exchange dynamics in a broken dimer state

Massana-Cid, H ; Ortiz-Ambriz, A ; Vilfan, A ; Tierno, P
Science Advances 6 (10) eaaz2257 (2020)
abstract

Controlling the flow of matter down to micrometer-scale confinement is of central importance in material and environmental sciences, with direct applications in nano and microfluidics, drug delivery, and biotechnology. Currents of microparticles are usually generated with external field gradients of different nature (e.g., electric, magnetic, optical, thermal, or chemical ones), which are difficult to control over spatially extended regions and samples. Here, we demonstrate a general strategy to assemble and transport polarizable microparticles in fluid media through combination of confinement and magnetic dipolar interactions. We use a homogeneous magnetic modulation to assemble dispersed particles into rotating dimeric state and frustrated binary lattices, and generate collective currents that arise from a novel, field-synchronized particle exchange process. These dynamic states are similar to cyclotron and skipping orbits in electronic and molecular systems, thus paving the way toward understanding and engineering similar processes at different length scales across condensed matter.

doi

Self-Propulsion of Active Colloids via Ion Release: Theory and Experiments

De Corato, M ; Arque, X ; Patino, T; Arroyoe, M ; Sanchez, S ; Pagonabarraga, I
Physical Review Letters 124 (10) 108001 (2020)
abstract

We study the self-propulsion of a charged colloidal particle that releases ionic species using theory and experiments. We relax the assumptions of thin Debye length and weak nonequilibrium effects assumed in classical phoretic models. This leads to a number of unexpected features that cannot be rationalized considering the classic phoretic framework: an active particle can reverse the direction of motion by increasing the rate of ion release and can propel even with zero surface charge. Our theory predicts that there are optimal conditions for self-propulsion and a novel regime in which the velocity is insensitive to the background electrolyte concentration. The theoretical results quantitatively capture the salt-dependent velocity measured in our experiments using active colloids that propel by decomposing urea via a surface enzymatic reaction.

doi
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